中欧班列跑出“加速度”，搭建起对外贸易的“钢铁桥梁”

首趟“义新欧”中老铁路（义乌—万象）国际货运列车发车，新疆霍尔果斯口岸进出境中欧班列今年已突破6000列，阿拉山口口岸年内通行中欧（中亚）班列首次突破5500列，合肥中欧班列累计开行突破2000列，成都中欧班列新增英国伊明汉姆站点……连日来，中欧班列捷报频传。

受访专家表示，今年以来，中欧班列跑出“加速度”，新线路、新站点的数量不断突破，搭建起对外贸易的“钢铁桥梁”，更加有利于中国制造“走出去”和海外产品运进来。特别是在新冠肺炎疫情下，中欧班列凸显出重要性和可靠性，为助力中欧共同抗疫、保障国际产业链和供应链稳定发挥重要作用。

增加新路线新站点

大幅提升运输时效

12月14日15时，满载70个标箱钾肥、小家电、机械配件和纺织用品等货物的“义新欧”中老铁路（义乌—万象）国际货运列车在义乌西站始发，途经云南昆明市、玉溪市、普洱市、西双版纳傣族自治州，从磨憨口岸出境，最终抵达老挝首都万象，这是中欧（义新欧）班列义乌平台开通的第17条新线路，也是中老铁路开通后的首批开行的国际铁路货运列车。

本次班列运输的32个标箱钾肥产品是“义新欧”中欧班列转口贸易集拼模式又一创新案列。这些钾肥先通过“义新欧”中亚回程班列从乌兹别克斯坦塔什干运输至义乌铁路口岸，再转运至义乌综保区，最后通过“义新欧”中老铁路国际货运列车无缝链接转运到万象，实现了中亚和东盟的互联互通。

今年以来，中欧班列交出亮眼成绩单。1月至10月，中欧班列开行12605列、运送货物121.6万标准箱，同比分别增长26%、33%；开行列数和运量均超2020年全年总量，实现了班列开行数量和货物发送量双增长。

国家发展改革委国际合作中心助理研究员陈超在接受《中国贸易报》记者采访时表示，从中欧班列的供给侧来看，新线路、新站点的数量不断突破，一些省市的班列线路或从无到有，实现中欧班列“首发”，如上海至德国汉堡、贵阳至俄罗斯莫斯科、甘肃武威至英国伦敦、鄂尔多斯至俄罗斯莫斯科开辟了全新货运通道。或中转变直达，形成“多向多条”线路常态化运行。以往从重庆出口到乌克兰的货物都要经白俄罗斯或波兰中转，而现在渝新欧中欧班列可以实现从重庆直达乌克兰基辅，大大提高中欧班列运行的时效性。

“从中欧班列的需求侧来看，‘中欧班列+’模式带动作用持续增强，境外站点和海外仓布局更加优化，跨境电商打开新局面。”陈超表示，中欧班列（成都）新增俄罗斯圣彼得堡、荷兰阿姆斯特丹、英国费利克斯托、波兰斯瓦夫库夫、德国罗斯托克、英国伊明汉姆等境外站点；海外仓数量已超2000个，打通了跨境物流服务终端，助推开放型经济高质量增长。

记者从成都国际铁路港获悉，中欧班列（成都—英国伊明汉姆）日前从成都始发。至此，成都中欧班列境外站点新增至68个，英国伊明汉姆也是今年成都中欧班列开辟的第10个境外新站点。“这条线路不仅减少了换装次数，也避免了经过波兰马拉舍维奇传统运营线路的拥堵，将大幅提升运输时效，为西向出口客户提供了快速交付的新选择。”成都国际铁路班列有限公司副总经理王伟琨表示。

促进地方外贸发展

为企创造更多便利

“中欧班列作为新形势下国际产业链供应链的重要载体，在构建新发展格局中承担着重要历史使命。”陈超表示，内陆省市外向型经济发展长期落后于沿海省市，中欧班列可以将通道资源转化为本地的产业聚集，切实融入中欧班列运输组织体系，节点城市可以作为稳定连接欧亚大陆、融入国内国际双循环的供应链枢纽。

近日，满载着安徽本土制造白色家电的中欧班列从合肥北站物流基地出发，经二连浩特口岸一路向北，驶往俄罗斯沃尔西诺。此趟班列的发运标志着合肥中欧班列自开行以来累计发送突破2000列，此趟中欧班列是为美菱电器量身打造的定制班列，全列装载着美菱制造的冷藏冷冻组合机、家用型冷藏箱、压缩式家用冷藏箱、压缩机。

据悉，合肥中欧班列开行前期，运输货物品类主要是服装、工艺制品等轻工业产品，而如今搭乘中欧班列的货物大多数为太阳能光伏、传感器、机器人等高科技的“安徽产”“合肥造”。另外，合肥本地造的冰箱、洗衣机等白色家电，以及江淮汽车、安凯新能源客车也成为“新丝绸之路”上的“常客”。随着开行数量不断增加，中欧班列在服务地方企业发展、促进对外贸易以及国际合作等方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。

相关专家告诉记者，新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，全球物流通道受阻，中欧班列凭借安全稳定、运量大、运速快、成本均衡等独特优势迅速弥补了国际物流运输需求，受到越来越多国内外企业青睐，也为我国外贸提供了有力的运输保障，更是在畅通全球产业链、满足沿线国家民众消费需求方面发挥了重要作用。

波兰是欧盟农业大国，乳制品已经成为波兰出口中国的招牌产品。2020年，虽受疫情影响，但波兰乳制品出口中国的数量和总额仍实现双增长，这离不开中欧班列的作用。“我很高兴能有中欧班列这种又快又好的物流解决方案，将波兰的乳制品更快地运输到中国。”波兰牛奶商会主席阿格涅什卡·马利谢夫斯卡说。

波兰沃维奇乳制品集团出口部门经理西蒙·马科希表示，公司2020年开始使用中欧班列，主要是向中国运输高温杀菌盒装牛奶产品，目前每月要发约20个集装箱，而且通过中欧班列运输的份额还在不断增加。

对此，陈超表示，中欧班列不仅开启了便捷的经贸之路，更铺设了“健康丝绸之路”。一方面，中国商务、海关、检疫等相关部门出台相关政策缩短通关时间、降低物流成本。另一方面，亚洲国家与欧洲国家之间贸易壁垒从表面上看在不断减少，但“玻璃门”却在增加。中欧班列持续稳定发运各类防疫物资至欧洲各国，提升中国产品在国际贸易中的竞争力和软实力，成为“健康丝绸之路”的载体。未来，中欧班列还要持续发挥品牌效应、形成差异化运营方案，加强与区域发展战略对接，健全扩容后动态管理和保障机制，推动中欧班列高质量、可持续发展。来源：中国贸易报

"To" new Europe "Laos railway (yiwu - vientiane) international freight trains, xinjiang huoerguos port of inbound and outbound trains in central Europe this year has reached 6000 columns, ala shan kou port years through central Europe (central Asia) trains 5500 for the first time, hefei central trains operation breakthrough 2000 columns, chengdu central trains New England YiMing ham site... In recent days, the success of china-Europe freight trains has been widely reported.

Experts interviewed said that since the beginning of this year, china-Europe freight trains have been running at an "acceleration" and the number of new lines and stops has been breaking through, building a "steel bridge" for foreign trade, which is more conducive to the "going global" of Chinese manufacturing and the import of overseas products. In particular, the importance and reliability of the China-Europe Freight train service has been highlighted in the context of COVID-19, which plays an important role in helping China and Europe jointly fight the epidemic and ensuring the stability of the international industrial and supply chains.

Add new routes and new stops

Greatly improve the time of transportation

On December 14, 15, 70 - teu potash, small appliances, machinery accessories and textile goods, etc., as "new Europe" Laos railway in yiwu (yiwu - vientiane) international freight train departure from west railway station, via kunming, yuxi, pu 'er city, yunnan xishuangbanna dai autonomous prefecture, exit from boten port, finally arrived in the capital, vientiane, Laos This is the 17th new line opened by yiwu Platform of China-Europe (Yiwu, Xinjiang-Europe) freight train, and the first batch of international railway freight trains to run after the opening of China-Laos Railway.

The 32 standard boxes of potash fertilizer products transported by this freight train is another innovation of the "Yiwu-Xinjiang-Europe" China-Europe freight train entrepot trade integration model. The potash fertilizer was first transported from Tashkent, Uzbekistan to Yiwu Railway port by the "Yixinou" Central Asia return freight train, then transferred to Yiwu Comprehensive Security Zone, and finally transferred to Vientiane by the "Yixinou" China-Laos Railway international freight train seamless link, realizing the connectivity between Central Asia and ASEAN.

Since the beginning of this year, China - Europe freight trains to hand over bright report card. From January to October, China's Freight trains made 12,605 trips and transported 1.216 million TEUS, up 26 percent and 33 percent year-on-year respectively. Both the number of train lines and the volume of freight volume exceeded the total number of the whole year in 2020, realizing the double growth of the number of train lines and the volume of goods delivered.

Chen Chao, an assistant researcher at the International Cooperation Center of the National Development and Reform Commission, told China Trade News that the number of new lines and stops on the supply side of china-Europe freight trains has been breaking through, with some provinces and cities starting from scratch. For example, new freight channels have been opened up from Shanghai to Hamburg, Germany, guiyang to Moscow, Russia, Wuwei, Gansu to London, ordos to Moscow, Russia. Or in the direct transformation, the formation of "multiple to multiple" line normal operation. In the past, goods exported from Chongqing to Ukraine had to go through Belarus or Poland, but now the Chongqing-Xinjiang-Eu-China freight train can reach Kiev, Ukraine directly from Chongqing, greatly improving the timeliness of the operation of china-Europe freight train.

"From the demand side of China-Europe Train service, the driving role of the 'China-Europe Train Service +' model continues to strengthen, the layout of overseas stations and overseas warehouses is optimized, and cross-border e-commerce has opened up a new situation." According to Chen, The China-Europe express (Chengdu) has added overseas stops in St. Petersburg, Russia, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Felixstowe, Poland, Rostock, Germany and Imingham. The number of overseas warehouses has exceeded 2,000, opening up cross-border logistics service terminals and boosting high-quality growth of the open economy.

The Reporter learned from chengdu International Railway Port that the China-Europe freight train (Chengdu-Imingham, UK) recently departed from Chengdu. This brings the number of overseas stops for Chengdu's China-Europe express to 68, and imingham is the 10th new overseas stop for Chengdu's china-Europe express this year. "This line will not only reduce the number of refits, but also avoid congestion on the traditional operating route through Marashevich, Poland, which will greatly improve the timelines and provide westbound export customers with a new option for fast delivery." "Said Wang Weikun, deputy general manager of Chengdu International Railway Express Co.

Promoting the development of local foreign trade

Create more convenience for enterprises

"As an important carrier of the international industrial chain and supply chain under the new situation, the China-Europe Railway Express bears an important historical mission in building a new development pattern." Chen Chao said that the export-oriented economic development of inland provinces and cities has lagged behind that of coastal provinces and cities for a long time. The China-Europe Freight train can transform channel resources into local industrial clusters and integrate into the transportation organization system of China-Europe freight train. The node cities can serve as the supply chain hub that stably connects the Eurasian continent and integrates into the domestic and international double circulation.

The China-Europe freight train, loaded with white goods made in Anhui province, departed from the Logistics base of Hefei North Railway Station and headed north to Volsino, Russia, via Erlianhot port. The shipment of this freight train marks that the total number of hefei China-Europe freight train has exceeded 2000 since the start of operation. This china-Europe freight train is customized for Meiling Electric Appliance, and the whole train is loaded with refrigerated and refrigerated combination machines, household refrigerators, compression household refrigerators and compressors manufactured by Meiling.

It is reported that in the early days of the Hefei China-Europe freight train, the cargo categories were mainly clothing, craft products and other light industrial products, but now most of the cargo on the China-Europe freight train are solar photovoltaic, sensors, robots and other high-tech "made in Anhui" or "made in Hefei". In addition, local refrigerators, washing machines and other white goods, as well as JAC motors, Ankai new energy buses have also become "regular customers" on the "New Silk Road". With the increasing number of china-Europe freight trains, they are playing an increasingly important role in serving the development of local enterprises, promoting foreign trade and international cooperation.

Experts told us that since the outbreak of COVID-19, the global logistics corridor has been blocked. With its unique advantages of safety, stability, large volume, high speed and balanced cost, the China-Europe freight train has quickly made up for the demand for international logistics and transportation. It is favored by more and more domestic and foreign enterprises, and provides a strong transportation guarantee for China's foreign trade. It has also played an important role in unblocking the global industrial chain and meeting the consumer demand of people in countries along the belt and Road.

Poland is a big agricultural country in the European Union, and dairy products have become Poland's signature products exported to China. In 2020, despite the impact of the epidemic, both the volume and total volume of Polish dairy products exported to China grew, thanks to the china-Europe freight train service. "I am very happy to have the fast and good logistics solution of the China-Europe freight train, which can transport Polish dairy products to China more quickly." Said Agnieszka Malyszewska, president of the Polish Milk Chamber of Commerce.

Simon Makoshi, export manager of Poland's Vowicki Dairy Group, said the company started using the China-Europe freight train in 2020, mainly to transport high-temperature pasteurized milk products in boxes to China. Currently, about 20 containers are shipped each month, and the share of shipments via the train is increasing.

In response, Chen chao said that the China-Europe freight train service not only opens a convenient economic and trade road, but also lays a "healthy Silk Road". On the one hand, China's commerce, customs, quarantine and other relevant departments have issued relevant policies to shorten customs clearance time and reduce logistics costs. On the other hand, the trade barriers between Asian countries and European countries are decreasing on the surface, but the "glass door" is increasing. The China-Europe Freight trains have been steadily delivering epidemic prevention supplies to European countries, enhancing the competitiveness and soft power of Chinese products in international trade and becoming carriers of the "Healthy Silk Road". In the future, China Railway Express will continue to give full play to its brand effect, form differentiated operation plans, strengthen synergy with regional development strategies, improve dynamic management and guarantee mechanism after expansion, and promote high-quality and sustainable development of China Railway Express.